Valgus deformation of the thumb of the foot: degree, treatment

Valgus deformation of the thumb of the foot is the most common orthopedic disease.Its main characteristic is the curvature of 1 plus attached.At first, it manifests itself in the form of a small growth near the thumb.Pathology has a slow development, it is therefore quite difficult to diagnose it in the early stages.The deformation of the valgus is often combined with a violation of the blood contribution to the tissues, which leads to the development of arthritis or osteoarthritis.In the absence of treatment in the thumb joint, an acute inflammatory process occurs, called a scholarship.

What contributes to the curvature of the finger?

The causes of the deformation of the valgus can be different, the main of them are taken into account:

• flat feet;
• Congenital pathologies of the more noplange joint;
• muscle weakness, leading to the pathological mobility of bone surfaces;
• foot injuries;
• The destruction of cartilage in the context of arthritis or osteoarthritis.

Wearing uncomfortable shoes to direct the reasons for the occurrence of the disease does not apply, but it can accelerate the development of the pathological process.ByConsequently, Khalus Valgus is most often found in women.There are other pathological reasons for which the first finger of the foot can bend.Osteoporosis develops during the leachate of calcium from bone tissue, due to which they become less dense.This is what leads to a change in the form of the joint.Almost every person with valgus deformation symptoms has one of the 2 types of flat feet.Endocrine disorders contribute to a decrease in the force of ligaments, which is why they cannot maintain the joint in the right position.The risk group includes women accustomed to walking in high themed shoes.The provision of an increased load on the toes accelerates the curvature process of the joint.Ballet dancers are forced to stand on socks for a long time, which can cause a deformation of the feet.Thus, the deformation of the valgus is only found in 3% of people under the age of 30, while among the elderly every 5 people have a similar problem.This disease is most often found in patients whose parents had pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.

Clinical photo of the disease

The curvature of the thumb of the leg at the initial steps is quite difficult to notice.A person notices that he becomes uncomfortable to walk in the usual shoes.After a long stay in a standing position, pain syndrome occurs.Over time, the main sign of pathology appears - the gap from the first metatarsophalangeal articulation towards the second with the formation of the cone so called.The other fingers take the form of hammering.The patient may experience chronic fatigue and difficulty selecting shoes.Over time, the horns appear on the skin of the feet, bringing many drawbacks to a person.The most common signs of valgus deformation are painful sensations associated with the inflammation of the synovial membrane.A gentle seal appears in the first finger.The skin of the affected area blushes and swells.Over time, bone corn is formed, mild irritating and cartilage.Strong pain appears while walking.The mobility of the joint is limited, the pathological process can cover all the fingers of the foot.

Several degrees of Valgus deformation are distinguished, each presents their own symptoms:

1. Hallux Valgus of the 1st degree is characterized by a curvature of the finger no more than 20 °.There is no pain at the same time.
2. In the event of a 2-degree illness, the joint is offset from 21-30 °.The unpleasant sensations are light in nature, the mobility of the finger is not disturbed.
3. With the 3rd degree valgus deformation, the curvature angle exceeds 30 °.Pain in the affected area acquires a constant character.They prevent a person from wearing familiar shoes, walking and playing sports.
4. At 4 stages of the disease, the joint is offset by more than 50 °.The deformation of this degree is characterized by strong pain, difficulties with the choice of shoes, the formation of a corn.

How this disease is revealed

To establish a preliminary diagnosis, a foot examination and the history of anamnesis are carried out.The doctor should:

• assess the severity of the change of approach;
• The degree of curvature of the joint;
• The presence of Cors;
• Bone cones.

The main therapeutic measures

The choice of a particular methodology depends on the degree of deformation of the joint and the severity of the pain syndrome.The most effective treatment of the valgus deformation of the thumb of the foot is at its beginnings.Therapy can be both conservative and surgical.In addition, the development of orthopedic shoes, which contributes to the correct distribution of the load and prevents the appearance of Cors, helps to suspend the development of the pathological process.To reduce pressure on the areaAffected, specials and interior joints.Due to the large number of side effects, these funds are not suitable for prolonged use.Pharmacotherapy cannot completely save a person from the deformation of the valgus.With his help, you can only eliminate pain and signs of inflammation.For the treatment of the disease, physiotherapeutic procedures are often used - diathermy or ultrasound.However, these methods also provide temporary relief.The most effective is the use of orthopedic devices which are manufactured taking into account the individual characteristics of the foot.The use of supporters and fingers in the first stages of the disease prevents new joint deformation.With advanced shapes of the disease, orthopedic devices allow you to make walking more comfortable.With the help of special soles, you can eliminate the main cause of curvature - flat feet.The operation is generally required for 3 to 4 degrees of deformation valgus, when conservative treatment is ineffective.The choice of method depends on the degree of severity of the deformation.With a slight displacement of the finger, only bone growth is removed.To do this, a small incision is practiced in the affected area, after which the bump is cut and removed.

The distal osteotomy aims to reduce the angle of curvature.The lower part of the bone is dissected and installed in the right position.The proximal osteotomy implies the effect on the upper part of the finger.During the operation of Keller - Brandes, the thumb joint is completely removed, the remaining synovial shell is placed between the bone plus and the main phalanx.Surgical interventions are used in most cases of advanced valgus deformation forms.The effectiveness of the treatment largely depends on the accuracy of the implementation of rehabilitation measures.During the postoperative period, it is necessary to wear firm shoes or use special devices.To reduce the load on the operated leg, you need to use crutches.Shoes must have a large toe and a low heel.It should be remembered that any surgical intervention can lead to the development of complications.

The most dangerous are:

• infection of soft fabrics;
• osteomyelitis;
• bleeding;
• displacement of bone fragments;
• slowdown in healing processes;
• Loss of fingers sensitivity.

Rarer complications are nevascular and post-traumatic arthritis.The prevention of the Valgus deformation is a constant visit to an orthopedist.Wear shoes with high heels should be refused.The use of orthopedic soles is recommended.The long stay in a standing position is prohibited.Valgus deformation is a fairly serious disease that can worsen the quality of the patient's life, so treatment should start when he started.

Treatment of Khalus Valgus (Hallux Valgus) without surgery

An excessive body weight, wearing uncomfortable shoes, a trauma of the feet lead to the appearance of the interior at the base of the thumb of a painful and hyperemic projection.His name is - Hallux Valgus.What is Hallux Valgus?The defined term has literally deciphered as follows: Hallux is an inch, and the valgus is curvature.The formed protrusion is the medial part of the head of the first metatarsal bone.At the same time, it gradually deviates from other metatarsal bones, which visually increases in bulging size.This disease manifests itself in intense pain, it becomes impossible to wear ordinary shoes.The skin above the projection is constantly rubbed, inflamed, in rare cases, they bleed.With premature circulation of medical aid, significant deformation of all metatarsophalangeal joints occurs.The first and the second finger are crossed, other fingers can bend involuntarily, while the extension becomes impossible.

Causes of the disease

In order to better understand what the Khalus valgus is, you must know the causes and the mechanism of the occurrence of this disease.It is most often developed in women, because their ligament apparatus is not as strong as in men.Such a deformation does not develop independently, the effect of the following pathogenic factors is necessary for its manifestation:

• Increase in body weight - In fats, there is an increase in the load in the more -flanning joint area, which leads to the stretching of the ligament apparatus, which connects metatarsal bones;
• Narrow, uncomfortable, pressing, in high heels, shoes are the main trigger for this state.The frequent port of shoes with a narrow toe, also in high heels, contributes to a constant change in the physiological position of the thumb, which is why it gradually deviates;
• The changes in the hormonal context, which often occur in people of fair sex, contribute to a change in metabolism and trophism of the connective tissue, which leads to an increased stretch of tendons, altered their integrity;
• Traumatization - significant damage to the tendons of the muscles which fulfill the main and diverted functions, causes the predominance of the efforts of one of them, which is the cause of the deviation of the first metatarsal bone;
• Diabetes mellitus - leads to the development of the diabetic foot, which is characterized by an alteration of the blood circulation and the trophism of the muscles, the tendons and the ligaments, which makes it possible to manifest itself to the distortions;
• Arthritis and osteoarthritis of the thumbs up can lead to the development of chronic inflammatory focusing, these diseases also stimulate the process of growth of osteophytes which can cause the deformation of the affected joint;
• Pregnancy is a period of the life of a woman, when a complete hormonal restructuring occurs, and an increase in the abdomen transfers the load to the parts before the feet, which causes the development of the Khalus valgus.

Hallux Valgus stages

The degree of severity of Khalus Valgus is determined on the basis of the angle between the first metatarsal bone and the second, as well as the angle of deviation of the thumb compared to the first metatarsal bone.There are three stages of the development of this disease:

1. Hallux Valgus of the 1st degree is characterized by minimum differences that consist: the inter-flood angle of less than 12 degrees, and the gap of the thumb does not exceed 25 degrees.At the same time, patients may not be completely absent in pathognomonic symptoms and visual changes are almost invisible.
2. Khalus valgus 2 degrees - manifests itself by an increase in the inter -flood corner at 18 degrees, at that time the first finger is rejected to more than 25 degrees.With this development of deformation, painful sensations appear, discomfort when wearing ordinary shoes.With an excessive physical occurrence, pain intensifies.The convex part of the bone head more is constantly rubbed, hyperemic, swollen, which indicates an inflammatory process.
3. Hallux Valgus 3 degrees manifests itself in a significant curvature, the angle between metatarsal bones exceeds 18 degrees and the first and the second finger are crossed.An important redness of red color is observed inside, painful on palpation.Wearing shoes becomes impossible because of the pain, patients are constantly Boibles, by saving the affected limb.

Treatment tactics depend on the negligence of the pathological process.In the first steps, you can do with conservative methods using tires and other fixing devices.The next step requires urgent surgery, without which the foot can be distorted, other unwanted complications will occur.

Haus valgus treatment methods

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to exclude the impact of pathological factors.First, you should reduce body weight.For this, patients are recommended to play sports, lead an active lifestyle.An important point is that during physical effort, it is prohibited to apply forces to the affected member.The appointment of food therapy is an important step in the treatment of Khalus Valgus.A specialist can recommend an effective diet, but it must necessarily include products rich in vitamins and minerals that will help improve the condition of the affected joint.

Orthopedic tires and fixers

They are used for constant fixing of the bone and the deformed finger and closer to the rest of the foot.You can use rigid locks - tires which, when fixed on the foot, do not allow you to move a finger.Such a device is used during sleep, as well as with a long rest.You can use the use of silicone fixers.There are silicone fixers that are only attached to the thumb, as well as fixing to all fingers.The main advantage of this development is the ability to walk in shoes.At the same time, the effective fixing of the bone plus continues, and the lock itself is practically not felt during the port.